P.T Modalities
Goniometer for hip joint part 3
before we post goniometer for shoulder joint and goniometer for elbow joint
Part - 3 -Hip Joint
A- Flexion
1- Patient in supine position with knee flexed to avoid the limitation from tight hamstring and stabilize pelvic to avoid any pelvic tilt or rotate
2- Place the central of goniometer over the greater trochanter and the stationary goniometer arm parallel to the vertebral spine
3- Ask the patient to flex his\her hip as much as possible
4- By moving the other arm of goniometer parallel to femur to form the goniometer angle
5- Read the degrees
Normal range for hip flexion
- 121.0o + or - 6.4o (American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons)
- 100.0o (American Medical Association)
- 122.3o (mean), 6.1o (standard deviation), (Boone and Azen)
B- Extension
1- Patient in prone position, stabilize pelvic to avoid any pelvic tilt or rotate
2- Place the central of goniometer over the greater trochanter and the stationary goniometer arm parallel to the vertebral spine
3- Ask the patient to extend his\her hip as much as possible
4- By moving the other arm of goniometer parallel to femur to form the goniometer angle
5- Read the degrees
Normal range for hip extension
- 12.0o + or - 5.4o (American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons)
- 30.0o (American Medical Association)
- 9.8o (mean), 6.8o (standard deviation), (Boone and Azen)
2- Place the central of goniometer over anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the stationary goniometer arm aligned with opposite ASIS
3- Ask the patient to abduct his\her hip as much as possible
4- By moving the other arm of goniometer at the center of parallel
5- Read the degrees
Normal range for hip Abduction
- 41.0o + or - 6.0o (American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons)
- 40.0o (American Medical Association)
- 45.9o (mean), 9.3o (standard deviation), (Boone and Azen)
D- Adduction
1- Patient in supine position with stabilize pelvic to avoid any pelvic tilt or rotate, and abduct the opposite hip to allow more range of motion for adduction
2- Place the central of goniometer over anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the stationary goniometer arm aligned with opposite ASIS
3- Ask the patient to adduct his\her hip as much as possible
4- By moving the other arm of goniometer at the center of parallel
5- Read the degrees
Normal range for hip Abduction
1- Patient sitting on table with his\her both legs dangling on the edge if the table and support the thigh on the leg that we want to test
2- Place the center of goniometer at the center of patella, and the stationary goniometer arm vertically to the flour
3- Ask the patient to apply medial rotation in his\her hip joint ( medial rotation the leg is going outside )
4- Move the moving arm of goniometer aligned with leg
5- Read the degrees
Normal range for hip medial rotation
F- Lateral (external) rotation
1- Patient sitting on table with his\her both legs dangling on the edge if the table and support the thigh on the leg that we want to test
- 27.0o + or - 3.6o (American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons)
- 20.0o (American Medical Association)
- 26.9o (mean), 4.1o (standard deviation), (Boone and Azen)
1- Patient sitting on table with his\her both legs dangling on the edge if the table and support the thigh on the leg that we want to test
2- Place the center of goniometer at the center of patella, and the stationary goniometer arm vertically to the flour
3- Ask the patient to apply medial rotation in his\her hip joint ( medial rotation the leg is going outside )
4- Move the moving arm of goniometer aligned with leg
5- Read the degrees
- 44.0o + or - 4.3o (American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons)
- 40.0o (American Medical Association)
- 47.3o (mean), 6.0o (standard deviation), (Boone and Azen)
F- Lateral (external) rotation
1- Patient sitting on table with his\her both legs dangling on the edge if the table and support the thigh on the leg that we want to test
2- Place the center of goniometer at the center of patella, and the stationary goniometer arm vertically to the flour
3- Ask the patient to apply lateral rotation in his\her hip joint ( lateral rotation the leg is going inside )
4- Move the moving arm of goniometer aligned with leg
5- Read the degrees
Normal range for hip lateral rotation
- 44.0o + or - 4.8o (American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons)
- 50.0o (American Medical Association)
- 47.2o (mean), 6.3o (standard deviation), (Boone and Azen)
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